Internal Medicine
Online ISSN : 1349-7235
Print ISSN : 0918-2918
ISSN-L : 0918-2918
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Abacavir/Lamivudine versus Tenofovir/Emtricitabine with Atazanavir/Ritonavir for Treatment-naive Japanese Patients with HIV-1 Infection: A Randomized Multicenter Trial
Takeshi NishijimaMisao TakanoMichiyo IshisakaHirokazu KomatsuHiroyuki GatanagaYoshimi KikuchiTomoyuki EndoMasahide HoribaSatoru KanedaHideki UchiumiTomohiko KoibuchiToshio NaitoMasaki YoshidaNatsuo TachikawaMikio UedaYoshiyuki YokomakuTeruhisa FujiiSatoshi HigasaKiyonori TakadaMasahiro YamamotoShuzo MatsushitaMasao TateyamaYoshinari TanabeHiroaki MitsuyaShinichi Okaon behalf of the Epzicom-Truvada study team
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JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS

2013 Volume 52 Issue 7 Pages 735-744

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Abstract

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) and tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) with ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) in treatment-naïve Japanese patients with HIV-1 infection.
Methods A 96-week multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel group pilot study was conducted. The endpoints were times to virologic failure, safety event and regimen modification.
Results 109 patients were enrolled and randomly allocated (54 patients received ABC/3TC and 55 patients received TDF/FTC). All randomized subjects were analyzed. The time to virologic failure was not significantly different between the two arms by 96 weeks (HR, 2.09; 95% CI, 0.72-6.13; p=0.178). Both regimens showed favorable viral efficacy, as in the intention-to-treat population, 72.2% (ABC/3TC) and 78.2% (TDF/FTC) of the patients had an HIV-1 viral load <50 copies/mL at 96 weeks. The time to the first grade 3 or 4 adverse event and the time to the first regimen modification were not significantly different between the two arms (adverse event: HR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.25-1.75, p=0.407) (regimen modification: HR 1.03; 95% CI, 0.33-3.19, p=0.964). Both regimens were also well-tolerated, as only 11.1% (ABC/3TC) and 10.9% (TDF/FTC) of the patients discontinued the allocated regimen by 96 weeks. Clinically suspected abacavir-associated hypersensitivity reactions occurred in only one (1.9%) patient in the ABC/3TC arm.
Conclusion Although insufficiently powered to show non-inferiority of viral efficacy of ABC/3TC relative to TDF/FTC, this pilot trial suggested that ABC/3TC with ATV/r is a safe and efficacious initial regimen for HLA-B*5701-negative patients, such as the Japanese population.

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© 2013 by The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
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