Resveratrol Reverses Cadmium Chloride-induced Testicular Damage and          Subfertility by Downregulating p53 and Bax and Upregulating Gonadotropins and Bcl-2 gene          Expression

Samy M ELEAWA; Mahmoud A ALKHATEEB; Fahaid H ALHASHEM; Ismaeel BIN-JALIAH; Hussein F SAKR; Hesham M ELREFAEY; Abbas O ELKARIB; Riyad M ALESSA; Mohammad A HAIDARA; Abdullah S. SHATOOR; Mohammad A KHALIL

doi:10.1262/jrd.2013-097

Original Articles

Resveratrol Reverses Cadmium Chloride-induced Testicular Damage and Subfertility by Downregulating p53 and Bax and Upregulating Gonadotropins and Bcl-2 gene Expression

Samy M ELEAWA, Mahmoud A ALKHATEEB, Fahaid H ALHASHEM, Ismaeel BIN-JALIAH, Hussein F SAKR, Hesham M ELREFAEY, Abbas O ELKARIB, Riyad M ALESSA, Mohammad A HAIDARA, Abdullah S. SHATOOR, Mohammad A KHALIL

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Samy M ELEAWA
College of Health Sciences, PAAET, Kuwait
Mahmoud A ALKHATEEB
Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Fahaid H ALHASHEM
Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Ismaeel BIN-JALIAH
Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Hussein F SAKR
Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Hesham M ELREFAEY
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Abbas O ELKARIB
Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Riyad M ALESSA
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad A HAIDARA
Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
Abdullah S. SHATOOR
Department of Medicine, Cardiology Section, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad A KHALIL
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Keywords: Cadmium, Infertility, Resveratrol, Sperm, Testis

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

2014 Volume 60 Issue 2 Pages 115-127

DOI https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2013-097

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Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of resveratrol (RES) against CdCl₂-induced toxicity in rat testes. Seven experimental groups of adult male rats were formulated as follows: A) controls+NS, B) control+vehicle (saline solution of hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin), C) RES treated, D) CdCl₂+NS, E) CdCl₂+vehicle, F) RES followed by CdCl₂ and M) CdCl₂ followed by RES. At the end of the protocol, serum levels of FSH, LH and testosterone were measured in all groups, and testicular levels of TBARS and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Epididymal semen analysis was performed, and testicular expression of Bcl-2, p53 and Bax was assessed by RT-PCR. Also, histopathological changes of the testes were examined microscopically. Administration of RES before or after cadmium chloride in rats improved semen parameters including count, motility, daily sperm production and morphology, increased serum concentrations of gonadotropins and testosterone, decreased testicular lipid peroxidation and increased SOD activity. RES not only attenuated cadmium chloride-induced testicular histopathology but was also able to protect against the onset of cadmium chloride testicular toxicity. Cadmium chloride downregulated the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 and upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic genes p53 and Bax. Resveratrol protected against and partially reversed cadmium chloride testicular toxicity via upregulation of Bcl2 and downregulation of p53 and Bax gene expression. The antioxidant activity of RES protects against cadmium chloride testicular toxicity and partially reverses its effect via upregulation of BCl2 and downregulation of p53 and Bax expression.

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