Proteins and enzymes display many functions such as molecular recognition and catalysis. In addition, protein surface recognition via hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic interactions mediate many biological processes including signal transduction, cell growth, and numerous metabolic pathways. In these processes, protein surface/surface interaction plays a key role. Thus, the development of useful strategies to recognize and modify a specific site of protein surface artificially is quite important not only to understand biological systems, but also to create artificial proteins. Here, we describe several new strategies for specific recognition and modification of protein surfaces.