Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and is a challenging disease to treat. The current standard therapy includes maximal safe surgical resection, followed by a combination of radiation and chemotherapy with temozolomide. However, recurrence is quite common, so we continue to search for more effective treatments both for initial therapy and at the time of recurrence. This article will review the current standard of care and recent advances in therapy for newly-diagnosed and recurrent glioblastomas, based on the most authoritative guidelines, the National Cancer Institute's comprehensive cancer database Physician Data Query (PDQ^®), and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology^TM for central nervous system cancers (V.1.2010), to elucidate the current position and in what direction we are advancing.