When trains pass through stations at high speeds, large variations in air pressure occur. As the structural members that make up station facilities are susceptible to these repeated variations, it can be assumed that the likelihood of member deterioration is high. Since future train speed increases will result in larger air pressure variations, it is essential to make efforts to ensure the structural safety of stations. To this end, we developed calculation equations for air pressure variations based on the results of field measurements and model tests, and also proposed prediction methods for response deformation and an evaluation method for the fatigue strength of members exposed to air pressure variations.