Rail grinding is a traditional part of maintenance employed to mitigate rail damage such as shelling and corrugation. In order to improve the efficiency of grinding operations in the field, new grinding stones were developed and evaluated in this study. The improvement in grinding capacity of the developed grinding stone compared with the current grinding stone was confirmed, as was its improved grinding performance due to its more moderate impact on rails from a metallographic point of view despite the improved grinding performance. Based on these results, it is expected that the developed grinding stone has the potential to be introduced to field grinding operations.