Internal Medicine
Online ISSN : 1349-7235
Print ISSN : 0918-2918
ISSN-L : 0918-2918
A Pilot Study of Thymosin α1 Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B Patients
Yasuji ARASEAkihito TSUBOTAYoshiyuki SUZUKIFumitaka SUZUKIMasahiro KOBAYASHITakashi SOMEYANorio AKUTATetsuya HOSAKASatoshi SAITOHKenji IKEDAMariko KOBAYASHIHiromitsu KUMADA
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2003 Volume 42 Issue 10 Pages 941-946

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Abstract

Objective The efficacy of thymosin alpha 1 (Tα1) in patients with chronic hepatitis B still requires confirmation. We, therefore, evaluated the efficacy of therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Methods Sixteen patients were randomly assigned into one of two groups, treated with O.Smg of Tα1 (low dose group; n=8) or 1.6 mg Tα1 (high dose group; n=8), administered six times weekly for two weeks, followed by twice weekly for another 22 weeks. Responders were defined as patients having clearance of hepatitis B e antigen by radioimmunoassay and negativity of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA by branched DNA signal amplification and normalization of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 24 months after initiation of Tα1 therapy. Transient acute exacerbation was defined as an increase of more than 300 IU/l in serum ALT level during Tα1 therapy.
Results The response rate was 37.5% (6/16). Tα1 therapy had a significant effect when, 1) transient acute exacerbation was present (p=0.0029), 2) the serum HBV-DNA level was <100 Meq/ml prior to the commencement of Tα1 therapy (p=0.0063). The difference between low and high dose groups was not statistically significant (p=0.608).
Conclusion The results of this trial show that: 1) a 24-week course of Tα1 could be a worthwhile strategy for chronic hepatitis B patients with a serum HBV-DNA level of less than 100 Meq/ml; and 2) patients with a transient acute exacerbation during Tα1 therapy generally often respond well.
(Internal Medicine 42: 941-946, 2003)

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