Histopathological and chemical examinations were conducted on a Middendorff's Bean Goose (Anser fabalis middendorffii), found dead at Fukushima-gata, Niigata Prefecture, Japan.This bird was thin, showing severe atrophy of the pectoral muscle, and was diagnosed as having acute lead poisoning due to ingestion of spent lead shot. The main gross findings were the bilestained liver and intestines, lead pellets in the gizzard, and proventricular impaction. Histopathologically, hemosiderosis of the liver and spleen was pronounced. The lead concentration of the liver registered 41μg/g wet weight and was significantly higher than the control value of 0.10 μg/g. High values of lead concentration were also found in the pectoral muscle (0.80), kidney (27), intestine (16), scapular bone (170), and blood (11). The present study is the first to provide chemical and histopathological evidence for acute lead poisoning in the bean geese wintering in Japan.