2009 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 195-202
Objective New serum markers (1→3) β-D-glucan (β-D-glucan) and KL-6 are reported to be useful for the clinical diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). However, the utility of these markers in PCP with HIV infection (HIV PCP) and without HIV (non-HIV PCP) is unknown. This study was aimed to evaluate the utility of β-D-glucan and KL-6 for the diagnosis of PCP in patients with HIV infection (HIV PCP) and non-HIV PCP.
Methods Retrospective study
Patients We reviewed the medical records of consecutive 35 patients. The serum levels of β-D-glucan and KL-6 in HIV PCP and non-HIV PCP were comparatively evaluated. We evaluated these markers in survivors and non survivors.
Results The detection rates of serum β-D-glucan and KL-6 levels in non-HIV PCP were lower than those in HIV PCP (88% vs. 100%, 66% vs. 88%, respectively). The false positive rates of these markers in both groups were similar (12%, 37%, respectively). Oxygenation index, serum albumin, and mechanical ventilation were the variables which were significantly associated with poor outcome in the univariate analysis.
Conclusion In conclusion, β-D-glucan was a reliable diagnostic marker for PCP. However, the detection rate of β-D-glucan and KL-6 in non-HIV PCP was lower than in HIV PCP. Neither β-D-glucan nor KL-6 was associated with the outcome of PCP.
